In a heat exchanger, which component provides flow direction and support for the tube bundle?

• A. Baffles
• B. Shell
• C. Tubes
• D. Headers

Answer: (A)

Flow path control and tube-support are provided by baffles. In a shell-and-tube exchanger, baffles sit inside the shell and create flow channels, directing the shell-side fluid to pass across the tube bundle in a controlled, cross-flow path. This arrangement increases heat transfer by promoting turbulence and better contact with the tubes. At the same time, baffles help space and stabilize the tubes, reducing vibration and keeping the bundle in place as the system heats and cools. The shell houses the components, headers manage distribution and collection of fluids, and the tubes carry the fluid, but only the baffles both direct flow and provide structural support for the tube bundle.